Pile fabric loom and pile wire therefor



Jan. 7, 1947.

G. E. scHuLz ET AL 2,414,064

PILE FABRIC LooM AND PILE WIRE .THEREFOJR` Filed July 26, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN ENTOR. 27% ,5? Jj Jan. 7, 1947. G. E. scHuLz rs1-AL 2,414,064 l PILE FABRIC LOOM AND PILEWIRE THEREFOR Filed July 26, 1945 5 sheetssheet 2V Jan. 7, 1947. G. E. scHuLz ETAL y 2,414,064

PILE FABRIC LOOM AND PILE WIRE` THEREFOR Filed July 26, 1945 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Patented Jan. 7, 1.947

PILE FABRIC, LOOM AND PIL WIRE THEREFGR Gustav E. Schulz, Auburn,

Skaneateles', N. Y.,assignors to Nye-Wait Comand HaroldV H. Fonda,-

pany, Inc., Auburn, N. Y.,v a corporation of Newl York Application July 26, 1945, Serial No: 607,154

17 Claims.

This invention relates to-pile fabric looms, and more particularly to suchl looms of the stationary wire type, as distinguished from thev conventional cross-wire looms.

In a cross-wire loom the pile loops are formed over a series of wires which are positioned parallel to the filling shot and at right angles. to the binder and stuifer warps and"` surface yarn. Usually, as many as twenty or more such cross-wires are used at a time to hold an area of the pile fabric in form, each wire being drawn out through the work from the side of the loom and subsequently placed back in at the weaving point by means of a special wire motion. Obviously, such cross-wire looms are rather intricate, cumbersome, and required considerable floor space to accommodate the cross motion of the wires, besides which; the fabric woven thereon is of inferior quality.

Stationary wire loops, on the other hand, are moreY compact, simpler, and easier to operateand maintain. The stationary wires are positioned in the loom in parallel relation to the binder and stuer warps and surface yarn, and at right angles tothe filling, there being one wire for each reed space or pitch count of the fabric.

The present invention primarily concerns the form of the stationary wires and the means for mounting the same in the loom.

One ofthe objects of the invention is to provide an improved and simple form of pile wire, preferably of'one-pie'ce` construction, and an im'- proved holder for thesame, having for their combined aims to attain accurate spacing, exact vertical and longitudinal positioning, and uniformity of horizontal alinement of the wires, with the resultant attainment of uniformity of location of the pile tufts both crosswise and lengthwise ofthe fabric, correct pile height and evenness of pile surface, among other advantages which materially contribute to a high standard ofV technical weave accuracy.

Another object of the invention is to provide a new and improved.' pileV wire and holder which are soi constructed and arranged as to compensate for' shrinkage or narrowing of the fabric that takes place between the backward position of the reed. and the pile forming part-of the Wire aslthe fabric is being woven, while affording sufficient flexibility of the wires to conform to the reed spacing which is preferably slightly greater than the spacing ofthe wires in the wire holder.

A further' object' of the invention is to provide an improved form of wire holder which, in addition to accurately fixing the vertical and 2, longitudinal positions of the wires, also permits thewires tomove upwardly with aswinging motion in the-case of shuttle interference or smashr alternately from one side of the pile wires to the y other sidel in the formation of the pile loops. In carrying out this object, the invention contemplates theprovision of separators between each pairy ofl adjacent' pile wires, whichA separators arewholly separate froml the pile wires, and have no physical connection therewith, but are suspended' freely betweenV the wires and serve as guides to keep each strand ofv warp and surface yarn inv its proper space in relation to each wire and row of pil'e being formed in the fabric, yet permitting absolute freedomv of shedding action of the warps and surface yarn. The separators further serve to prevent the surface yarn from passing over the top of more than one pile wire in the course of forming the pile loops through raising and lowering the pile yarns` and carrying them first to one side of" the wire and then to the other side.

Other and further objects and advantages of the invention will be hereinafter described, and the novel features thereof defined' by the appended claims.

In the drawingsz Figure 1 is a more or less diagrammatic view, partly in. vertical' section andi partly in. elevation, showing the general,` elements ofl a pile fabric loom'V having incorporated therein` the improved pile wires and holder which form the principal features of thisv invention;`

Figure 2, is a. fragmentary perspective view showing a group of pile wires andi separators as assembled in the positions occupi-ed in the loom;

Figure 3 is a` perspective. view of one of the separators;

Figure 4v is al fragmentary top plan vie-w of the pile wire holder;4

Figure 5A is a'i sectional view taken through the holder (mi theyy line' 5-5" of' Figure 4, and also showingV in; broken lines the butt end of a pile wire ini the position it normally occupies when mountedlin one ofthe slots inthe holder;

Figure 6 is a view in side elevation of one of the pile wires;

Figure 'l is a view in shown in Figure 6;

Figure 8 is a view in side elevation of a modified form of wire which may be used at the opposite ends of the loom for forming the selvage edges of the fabric;

Figure 9 is a view in end elevation of the selvage wire shown in Figure 8, aS seen towards the end opposite to the butt end, this view being shown on a somewhat enlarged scale as compared with Figure 8, and being substantially full size; and

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic plan view showing the relation between the pitch of the slots in the wire holder and the-pitch of the reed spaces, on a somewhat exaggerated scale, which serves to compensate for lateral shrinkage of the fabric as the fabric is woven.

Like reference characters designate corresponding parts in the several figures of the drawings which show only the essential parts of that much of the loom as are sufficient to enable those skilled in the art to understand the construction and operation of the same. While the loom to which the invention is applied is intended to be representative of a type made by a prominent loom manufacturer, as more fully disclosed in Patent No. 790,017, granted May 16, 1905, and the prior patents related thereto, it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to looms of this precise construction.

According to the drawings forming a part hereof, I denotes a portion of the loom frame at the breast or` front end of the loom and upon which the woven pile fabric 2 is supported and over which it passes to the take-up roll 3 provided with pins 4 in the usual manner. From the take-up roll 3, the fabric is guided to the winding roll or shaft 5 on which the fabric is wound as it is woven. At the rearward side of the member I is attached a table or shelf 6 which extends transversely across the loom and upon which the fabric is supported at the weaving point.

Disposed rearwardly of the table or shelf 6 is the lay 1 which is carried by the lay-sword 8 having the usual reed 9 at the upper end thereof. The lay 1 and reed 9 may be of conventional form and are movable forwardly and rearwardly towards and away from the rearward edge I of the shelf or table 6 in a well known manl ner, this motion being imparted to the lay-sword top plan of the pile wire 8 and the lay and reed carried thereby, by suitable mechanism (not shown).

Disposed to the rear of the lay "I and the reed 9 is a plurality of heddle frames. The number of these heddle frames may be varied as desired, according to the weave of the fabric and other factors which control the number and arrangement of the heddle frames. The heddle frames, as shown inthe drawings, are respectively designated II, I2, I3 and I4, and each heddle frame is provided with a series of heddles arranged in spaced relation to each other transversely across tbe loom, the heddles being designated II', I2', I3 and I4. Extending through the 'eyes in the respective heddles II', I2', I3 and I4' are the warps and surface 'yarns'which run lengthwise of the loom from the back towards the weaving point near the front end of the loom.` As seen inFigure l, the' pile or surface yarn is designated I and passes through the heddles of the heddle frame II.

The binder warps are respectively designated I6 and I'I, these warps passing through the respective heddle frames designated I4 and I3. I8 designates the stuffer warps which pass through the heddles of heddle frame I2. The heddle frames are movable upwardly and downwardly in the conventional manner, or in lieu of the heddle frames, each heddle may be controlled individually by a, harness leading to a Jacquard motion.

Extending longitudinally of the loom from the front thereof towards the heddles, and parallel to the warps and surface yarn, as well as parallel to each other, are the pile wires generally designated I9, there being one wire for every split in the reed 9 or pitch count of the fabric. The form of the pile wires will be best understood from reference to Figures 2, 6 and 7, in which it will be seen that each wire includes a vertical leg 26 at its rear end and provided with a notch 2l at the lower end of the leg. From the upper end of the leg there extends\a forwardly and downwardly sloping portion 22 which acts as a guide to guide the pile loops down to the pile height-forming section 23 which extends forwardly and horizontally therefrom. Beyondl the pile height-forming section 23 is a pile release section 24 of somewhat less height than the section 23, and on which release section the pile loops are relieved of tension as they are beat up by the reed 9 and before the loops are cut by the knife 25 carried by the knife-holding section 26. At the extreme forward end of each pile wire is a deepened foot section or butt designated 2l on which is formed an overhanging extension 28 at its upper forward corner. It should also be noted that the vertical leg 20 at the rear of the pile wire is extended upwardly at 29 somewhat above the sloping section 22, this extension being rounded and preferably beveled about its marginal edge. Each pile wire is preferably formed in onepiece and is flat and relatively thin in cross section, and hence may be stamped from sheet metal of suitable thickness to give sufficient rigidity to the wire to produce a uniform pile height, yet flexible enough to conform to the fabric while weaving and also to absorb the shock of shuttel interference or smash when the loom knocks off. The shape and thickness of the foot or butt 27 of the pile wire is preferably held within close limits, as obtained by machining, grinding, or otherwise shaping the same, in order that the butt may be received in the wire holder hereinafter more fully described, and when so received, the wires will be accurately spaced from each other. When the pile loops formed on the wire are to be cut, the knife 25 may be mounted in a slot formed in the knife-holding section 26.

Referring now more particularly to Figures 2, 4 and 5, the wire holder for the pile wires is generally designated 36, and comprises a relatively heavy metal bar which is suitably attached to the frame of the loom at its front end and extends transversely across the loom. The holder is spaced above the frame member I, as shown in Figure 1 of the drawings, in order to allow the fabric to pass therebeneath to the take-up roll 3. The upper side of the holder 30 is provided with a longitudinally extended vchannel or groove 3|, the front wall 32 of which is inclined forwardly. The rearward portion of the holder 30 is slotted, as indicated at 33, for the purpose of receiving the butt ends of the pile wires I9. These slots 33 are preferably so milled in the wire holder as to closely t the butts of the pile Wires, and the slots are uniformly and accurately spaced from each other in the direction cross-wise of the loom. Each slot extends forwardly from the rear edge of the holder to the groove 3l so that when the butts 2l of the pile wires IS are inserted in the slots, the overhanging extensions 28 on the butts will rest upon the bottom of the groove 3las best seen in Figure 5, with the upper edge of the extensions 2li and the butts 2l disposed on the same level as the upper side of the wire holder. To

prevent upward displacement of the pile wiresr when assembled in the wire holder 3l), there is provided a clamping bar 30 which is removably attached to the upper side of the holder at the forward end thereof, as by means of screws 34 or other removable fastenings. This clamping bar Se is extended rearwardly to overlie the extensions 28 on the forward ends of the butts 2l of the pile wires, and is suiiiciently rigidt'o prevent the pile wires from being inadvertently displaced in a vertically upward direction from the slots 33 in the holder 3Q, yet sufficiently flexible to allow the pile wires to roch or swing upwardly about the extensions 23 as a fulcrum, in case of shuttle interference. This rocking or swinging movement of the pile wires prevents damage of the wires when the loom knocks off Vdue to improper timing of the loom.

The spacing o-f the slots 33 in the wire holder is preferably such as to compensate for shrinkage of the fabric that takes place ybetween the backward position of the reed and the pile-forming portion of the wire, as the fabric is woven. Hence, the spacing of the slots 33 is slightly less than the distance between each split or from space to space of the reed 9 through which the warps and surface yarn extend, as diagrammatically illustrated on an exaggerated scale in Figure 10. By reason of the accurate spacing of the slots 33 and the care with which the same may be formed by machining or otherwise so that the slots are exactly vertical, the pile wires will be evenly spaced with precision in the loom and held in spaced relation tc each other with equal regularity and in precisely perpendicular position. Likewise, the wires are positioned uniformly in line lengthwise of the loom as well as transversely of the loom, all of which materially contributes to the production of pile fabrics of high quality, resulting from the even and regular formation of the pile tufts when the lay moves forwardly to press the pile loops against the fabric at the weaving point, and creating a uniform and even pile surface on the fabric.

lli/'hen the pile wires lll are positioned in the holder as previously described, and clamped down by the clamp 3R', the wires ride or float in the fabric without the necessity of providing additional support for the wires, although it will be noted from reference to Figure 1 of the drawings that a transverse bar is arranged across the loom at 35 below the vertical legs 2E] at the back of each wire, with the bar positioned in the notches 2lv formed in the lower extremities of the legs. The

purpose of this bar 35 is primarily for longitudinal positioning of the pile wires, and hence the legs 2li need not rest upon this bar. However, inadvertent rearward movement of the pile wires, or any of them, will be precluded by the depending extensions 2l which lie in front of the bar and limit rearward movement of the wires. The rear edge oi' each of these depending extensions 2l is preferably inclined forwardly so as not to interfere with theV upward rocking or swinging move-- ment of -thef pile wiresin the case of a smash or knock-off. l Y Y In the. operation of the loom, each strand t5 of pile yarn is pulledevenly over the sloping part 22V of a pile wire l-l through the uniform releasey of a lot of surface yarn in conjunction with the heddle action. To carry the pile strands over the pile wiresrst on oneV side and: then on' the other in the formation of the loopsr, there is provided a transverselyreciprocatingcomb 36 through which the pile strands extend, this' comb being positioned at the rear of the pile wires le and in front of the heddles. The transverse motion may be imparted to this comb-in any suitable manner and properly timed in relation tothe vertical motion of thesheddle,` frames and the forward and rearwardlmotion of the lay l. Tofchange` the position ofi the pile yarns from one. side of the pile wires to the other side, the heddle fra-me l I and heddles il areV raised to. a paint sufcient for the pile yarns to clear the top of the pile wires and their upper extensions 29, whereupon theA comb 36 is shifteditransversely to carryV the. pile yarns crosswiser to the opposite'A side of the respective pile wires, following: which, the' heddle frame Il and heddles H1" are' lowered tobring` the pile yarns bacliinto their proper positions in the shed. The

ctherheddles'arenever elevatedl to a point as high as the wireaso the. stuffer and. binder warps a-lways rexnainin thesame transversely spaced. relation to each other and to the pile wires, extending; forwardly between the latter from their heddles.. The stuffer warps are preferably positio-heden one sideof the respectivepile wires (for example the righthand side) and the binder warns on the opposite side ofthe pile wires (for example the lefthand side).

In order to prevent the' pile yarns from passing over theA top of more: than one wire in the formation of the pile loops, there is provided a separator 31 between' each adjacent pair of pile wires. These separatorsv are preferably formed of flat, thin' strips of flexible steel which may be substantially thinner than the pile wires themselves, and in the present invention, the separators are entirely separatefrom the pile wires' andi have no physical connection therewith Each separator is apertured. at its upper end, as indi'- cated at 38, so that it may be received on a transversely extended bar or wire 39 xed to the frame of the loom and extending from side to side thereof and on which'` the separators are freely slidable. The lower ends of the separators are notched or bifurcated, as at 40, to engage over the bar yt5 at the lower ends of the vertical legs 2l! of the pile wires I9. Thus, the separators 3l are suspended from their top ends, and when mountedon the bar 3-9, lie between the respective pile wires in parallel relation to and in transverse alinement with the vertical legs 20 of the pile wires, as clearly shown in Figures 1 and 2 of the drawings. Since there is no physical connection between the separators 31 and the pile wires, and the separators are extremely flexible and free to move relative to each other cross-wise of the loom, there is no danger of pinching the warps and pile yarns between the separators and the pile wires, and perfect freedom of the shedding action of the warps and pile yarns is afforded.

In the event it becomes necessary or desirable to remove any pile wire from the loom, it can be quickly and easily done by simply raising the wire so that the extension 2l on the lower end of the vertical leg 20 is clear ofthe bar 35, whereupon the wire may be shifted rearwardly to disengage the butt end from the wire holder, all without disturbing any other wire or any other part of the loom, and without damage to the fabric. By reversing the procedure, the wire may be replaced in the loom. or a new wire substituted therefor should the circumstances so require. When a wire is removed as just described, the adjacent separator keeps the stuffer and binder warps and the pile yarns in their proper positions and facilitates the replacement of the wire.

In Figures 2, 8 and 9 of the drawings, there is shown a modified form of wire which is intended to be used at the opposite ends of the loom for producing an improved and more secure selvage edge along opposite edges of the fabric. These wires are generally designed 4l and thus may be termed the selvage wires, and the number of the same at each end of the loom may be varied as desired. The form of the selvage wires is generally similar to the pile wires i9 previously described, except that the selvage wires are not provided with the vertical leg at the rear ends thereof. The corresponding parts of the selvage wires are given the same reference characters as the pile wires, and the reference characters are primed. At the extreme rear end of each selvage wire, there is provided an extension projecting upwardly, as at 42, which extension is progressively offset laterally, as best shown in Figure 9. Likewise, on the lower side of the selvage wire at its rear end, there is provided a second extension 43 projecting downwardly therefrom and progressively oiset laterally in the opposite direction from the extension 42, as also shown in Figure 9. The purpose of these extensions 42 and 43 is to aid in directing the selvage strands around the selvage wires in a, more or less circular motion as the selvage strands are woven into the fabric and transversely shifted from one side of the selvage wires to the other by the upward and downward motion of the selvage strands.

Through the use of the invention as herein- .before described, there is produced an evenness of tension on each strand of yarn and the row it forms, thereby giving the correct height of pile and evenness of pile surface which is far superior to anything heretofore attainable in known loom constructions. In addition, the oncpiece construction of the wires and the employment of the new and improved wire holder more perfectly fulfills the theory of stationary wire loom design and uniformity of loom operation,

and technical phases of pile fabric construction.

While the specific details have been herein shown and described, the invention is not confined thereto, as changes and alterations may be made without departing from the spirit thereof as defined by the appended claims.

We claim:

l. In a pile fabric loom, including a plurality of heddles for receiving the respective warps and surface yarns, a lay, a reed carried by said lay and having aplurality of spaces therein arranged in spaced relation transversely across the loom for receiving the warps and surface yarns, and said reed and lay being movable forwardly and rearwardly between the weaving point of the loom and the heddles; a plurality of stationary pile wires arranged longitudinally in the loom in parallel transversely spaced relation to each other and extending through the reed spaces, there being one pile wire for each reed Space, and aholder having means for removably receiving the forward ends of the pile wires, with the wires disposed in accurate and uniformly spaced relation to each other and in transverse and longitudinal alinement, said holder including yieldN able wire clamping means permitting upward swinging movement of the pile wires about their forward ends.

2. A pile fabric loom as defined in claim l, wherein the forward ends of the pile wires are spaced in the holder closer together than the reed spaces in the reed to compensate for shrinkage of the fabric between the rearward position of the reed and the position of the pile loops on the wires as the fabric is woven, with the wires free to spring to conform to the reed spaces.

3. A pile fabric loom as defined in claim l, wherein the holder is provided with a series of vertical slots uniformly spaced from each other transversely of the loom for receiving the forward ends of the respective pile wires, the pitch of the slots in the holder being less than the pitch of the reed spaces in the reed.

4. A pile fabric loom as defined in claim l, wherein the holder comprises a rigid bar mounted transversely across the loom near the forward end thereof, said bar having a series of vertical uniformly spaced slots formed in its rear edge and extending forwardly therefrom to snugly receive the forward ends of the pile wires, the said bar also having a groove in its upper face extended longitudinally of the bar'in front of the slots, each pile wire having a forwardly extended projection on the forward end thereof and coextensive therewith, said projection extending into and resting upon the base of the groove in the bar when the pile wire is inserted in one of the vertical slots aforesaid to support the wire, and means for restraining said projections, and consequently the pile wires, against displacement from the holder' in a vertically upward direction.

5. A pile fabric loom as defined in claim 1, wherein the holder comprises a rigid bar mounted transversely across the loom near the forward end thereof, said bar having a series of vertical uniformly spaced slc-ts formed in its rear edge and extending forwardly therefrom to snugly receive the forward ends of the pile wires, the said bar also having a groove in its upper face extended longitudinally of the bar in front of the slots, each pile wire having a forwardly extended projection on the forward end thereof and coextensive therewith, said projection extending into and resting upon the base of the groove in the bar when the pile wire is inserted in one of the vertical slots aforesaid to support the wire, and means for restraining said projections, and consequently the pile wires, against displacement from the holder in a vertically upward direction, while allowing upward swinging motion of each wire about the projection at its forward end as a fulcrum.

6. A pile fabric loom as defined in claim l wherein the holder comprises a rigid bar mounted transversely across the loom near the forward end thereof, said bar having a series of vertical uniformly spaced slots formed in its rear edge and extending forwardly therefrom to snugly receive the forward ends of the pile wires. the said bar also having a groove in its upper face extended longitudinally of the bar in front of the slots, each pile wire having a forwardly extended projection on the forward end thereof and coextensive therewith, said projection extending into .amamos of vthe .groove in the bar `when the pile wire .is `inserted .in one ofthe vertical slots aforesaid 'to support the wire, and

means for restraining said projections, and consequently the .pile wires, against displacement from the holder while allowing wire about the a fulcrum, in combination in a vertically upward direction, upward swinging motion of each projection at its forward end as with means for restraining said pile wires against longitudinal .dis-

placement in a rearward dir holder when the wires are a 7. A pile .fabric loom as ection relative'to said ssembled in the loom. defined in claim l,

wherein the holder comprises a rigid bar mounted transversely end thereof,

and extending forwardly across the loom near the forward said bar having a, series of vertical uniformly spaced slots formed in its rear edge therefrom to snugly receive the forward ends of the pile wires, the said bar also having a groove in its upper face extended longitudinally of the bar in front of the slots, each pile wire having projection on the forward extensive therewith, said into and resting upon the base the bar when the pile wire the vertical slots aforesaid a forwardly extended' end thereof and coprojeotion extending of the groove in is inserted in one of to support `the wire,

and means removably mounted on the upper side of said bar and overlying the projections on the forward ends of the wires,

projections, and consequently said displacement from said holder 'in a ward direction.

8. A pile fabric loom as wherein the holder comprises .uniformly spaced slots and extending for restraining said wires, against vertically upn defined in claim l, a rigid bar mounted the' loom near the forward end thereof, said bar having a series of vertical formed in its rear edge forwardly therefrom to snugly receive the forward ends of the pile wires, the said bar also having a groove in its upper face extended longitudinally of. the bar in front of the slots, each pile wire having projection on the forward a forwardly extended end thereof and coextensive therewith, said projection extending into resting upon the base of the groove in the bar when the pile wire is inserted in one of the vertical slots aforesaid to support the wire,

and means removably mounted on the upper side of said oar and overlyingr forward ends of the wires,

the projections on the for restraining said projections, and consequently said wires, against displacement wire at will rearward direction.

9. A. pile fabric loom as from said holder in a ward direction, while permitting by longitudinal vertically upremeval of any displacement in a defined in claim l,

wherein the holder comprises a rigid bar mounted transversely across the loo end thereof,

m near the forward said bar having a series of vertical uniformly spaced slots formed in its rear edge and extending forwardly therefrom to snugly re`- ceive the forward ends of the pile wires, the said bar also having a, groove i n its upper face extended longitudinally of the bar in front of the slots, each pile wire having projection on the forward extensive therewith, said into and resting upon the the bar when the pile wire the vertical slots aforesaid and means for restraining consequently the pile wires,

a forwardly extended end thereof and coprojectio extending hase of the groove in is inserted in one of to support the wire, said projections, and against displacement from holder in a vertically upward direction,

said means comprising a o1 amping bar mounted on the 'upper 'side of the slotted holder bar at the forward edge thereof and overlying the groove and pile wire projections on 'the forward ends of the wires when the pile wires are linserted in the slots in the holder bar.

, ll). A vpile fabric loop as defined in claim l, wherein the holder comprises a rigid bar mounted transversely across the loom vnear the forward end thereof, said bar having a series of vertical uniformly spaced slots formed in its rear edge and extending forwardly therefrom ,to snugly receive the forward ends of the `pile wires, the said bar `also having a groove in its upper face extended longitudinally of the bar in front of the slots, each pile wire having `a forwardly extended projection on theforward end 'thereof and coextensive therewith, said projection extending into and resting upon the base of the groove in the bar when the pile wire is inserted in one of the vertical slots aforesaid to support the wire, and means for rest-raining said projections, and consequently the pile wires, against displacement from the holder in a vertically upward direction, while allowing upward swinging motion of each wire about the projection at its forward end as a fulcrurn, in combination with means for restraining said pile wires against longitudinal displacement in a rearward direction relative to said holder when the wires are assembled in the loom, said last-named means including a stop bar mounted transversely `of the loom below the pile wires, and each pile wire having a downwardly extended projection provided on its lower end and disposed in front ofthe stop bar for abutting engagement therewith. l

` 11. In va pile fabric loom, including a plurality of heddles for receiving the respective warps and surface yarns, a lay, a reed carried by said lay and having a plurality of spaces therein ar.- ranged in spaced relation transversely across the loom for receiving the warps and surface yarns, and said reed and lay being movable forwardly and rearwardly between the weaving point of the loom and the heddles; a plurality of stationary pile wires arranged longitudinally in the loom in parallel transversely spaced relation to each other and extending through the reed spaces, there being one pile wire fo-r each reed` space, and a holder having means for removably receiving the forward ends of the pile wires, with the wires disposed in accurate and uniformly spaced relation to each other, and in transverse and longitudinal alinement, while permitting upward swinging movement of the pile wires about their forward ends, and a separator disposed between each pair of adjacent pile wires, with each separator freely movable laterally and supported independently of the pile wires.

12. A pile fabric loom as defined in claim 1, wherein each pile wire is of one-piece and includes a butt section at the forward end thereof adapted to be received in the holder, a knifesupporting section extending rearwardly from the butt section, a pile loop releasing section extending horizontally and rearwardly from the knifesupporting section, a pile height-forming section extending horizontally and rearwardly from the pile-releasing section and being of greater height than the latter section, a rearwardly and upwardly sloping loop guiding section extending from the pile height-forming section, and a vertical leg section at the rear end of the sloping loop guiding section.

v13. A pile fabric wire is of one-piece and includes a butt section at the forward end thereof adapted to be received in the holder, a knifesupporting section extending rearwardly from the butt section, a pile loop releasing section extending horizontally and rearwardly from the knife-supporting section, a pile height-forming section extending horizontally and rearwardly from the pile-releasing section 4and being of greater height than the latter section, a rearwardly and upwardly sloping loop guiding section extending from the pile height-forming section, and a vertical leg section at the rear end of the sloping loop guiding section, said vertical leg section being extended upwardly above the rear end of the sloping section.

14. In a pile fabric loom, including a plurality of heddles for receiving the respective warps and surface yarns, a lay, a reed carried by said la`y and having a plurality of spaces therein arranged in spaced relation transversely across the loom for L receiving the warps and surface yarns, and said reed and lay being movable forwardly and rearwardly between the weaving point of the loom and the heddles; a plurality of stationary pile wires arranged longitudinally in the loom in parallel transversely spaced relation to each other and extending through the reed spaces, there being one pile wire for each reed space, and a holder having means for removably receiving the forward ends ofthe pile wires, with the wires disposed in accurate and uniformly spaced relation to each other and in transverse and longitudinal alinement, while permitting upward swinging movement of the pile wires about their forward ends, and a separator disposed between each pair of adjacent pile wires, with each separator suspended vertically in the loom from its upper end so as to be freely movable laterally and supported independently of the pile wires.

15. A one-piece pile wire for pile fabric looms, comprising a flexible, relatively thin and flat wire member including coextensive butt, knife-supporting, pile-releasing, pile height-forming and sloping guide sections, arranged in the order as stated from the front end to the rear end of the wire, and terminating at its rear end in a leg section disposed substantially perpendicular to the longitudinally extended dimension of the wire, with the upper end of the leg section extended upwardly above the sloping guide section, and the lower end of the leg section being extended downwardly at the forward edge thereof to form a rearwardly and downwardly open notch at its lower rear edge.

16. A pile wire as defined in claim 15, wherein the butt section is provided with a forwardly extended overhanging projection on its forward upper end, with the projection forming a horizonally disposed supporting shoulder.

17. A pile wire holder for pile fabric looms, comprising a rigid bar having a plurality of equally spaced vertical slots in one edge thereof, a longitudinally extended groove formed in the upper face of the bar at the forward ends of the slots aforesaid, and a clamping bar removably mounted on the upper face of the holder bar and overhanging the groove, with the rearward edge of the clamping bar terminating approximately in line with the forward ends of the slots.

GUSTAV E. SCHULZ. HAROLD H. FONDA. 

